The use of medical cannabis has gained popularity in recent years. Have you ever wondered why? Studies and testimonials about the benefit of medical cannabis are constantly growing. In this article, we'll explain how this plant, which has been the subject of controversy for decades, can offer relief for many medical conditions. From chronic pain to multiple sclerosis, medical cannabis has a lot to offer.
Active Ingredients of Medical Cannabis
The cannabis sativa plant is famous for its medicinal and recreational properties, and this is due to its multiple active ingredients known as cannabinoids. Within this group, two stand out especially for their prevalence and effects: the THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and the CBD (cannabidiol).
THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)
The THC is the best-known cannabinoid and the one that has generated the most debate due to its psychoactive effect. This compound is responsible for the "high" sensation commonly associated with cannabis use. But how exactly does it work?
- Psychoactive EffectTHC binds to CB1 receptors in the brain, triggering a series of reactions that produce euphoria, altered perception of time and, in some cases, relaxation or increased appetite.
- Medical BenefitsDespite its psychoactive effect, THC has valuable medical applications. It is effective in relieving chronic pain, reducing nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy, and stimulating appetite in AIDS or cancer patients.
CBD (Cannabidiol)
In contrast, the CBD does not produce psychoactive effects, which means it does not cause the "high" of THC. This cannabinoid has attracted the interest of the medical community due to its broad spectrum of therapeutic benefits without psychoactive side effects.
- Non PsychoactiveCBD interacts with CB2 receptors, which are found primarily in the peripheral nervous system and the immune system. This interaction helps regulate functions such as inflammation and pain perception.
- Therapeutic BenefitsCBD has been shown to be effective in the treatment of epilepsy, especially in cases of refractory epilepsy in children. In addition, it possesses anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and neuroprotective properties, making it a promising option for a variety of conditions, from arthritis to anxiety disorders.
Other Cannabinoids and Terpenes
While THC and CBD are the most studied, the cannabis plant contains more than 100 different cannabinoids and a variety of terpenes which also play important roles in their therapeutic effects.
- CBG (Cannabigerol)Considered the "mother cannabinoid", as it is the precursor of other cannabinoids. It has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
- CBN (Cannabinol)It is formed from the degradation of THC and has sedative effects, which makes it useful for insomnia.
- TerpenesThese aromatic compounds not only contribute to the smell and taste of cannabis, but also have their own medicinal benefits. For example, the myrcene can have sedative effects, while the limonene can elevate mood and relieve stress.
Mechanism of Action
How does medical cannabis work in our body? The key lies in its interaction with the endocannabinoid system, a network of receptors in the body that helps regulate various functions, such as pain, sleep and immune response.
- THC binds to CB1 receptors in the brain, producing psychoactive and pain-relieving effects.
- CBD interacts mainly with CB2 receptors, located in the peripheral nervous system and the immune system, offering anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects without the "high".
Therapeutic Benefits
Medical cannabis is used to treat a variety of medical conditions. Here are some of its most outstanding benefits:
- Chronic pain reliefMany people find cannabis oil and other CBD-derived products effective in managing chronic pain, without the side effects of opioids.
- Treatment of neurological disordersIn conditions such as multiple sclerosis, cannabis use can reduce muscle spasticity and improve quality of life.
- Reduction of anxiety and depression symptomsAlthough THC can cause anxiety in some people, CBD is known for its positive effects in reducing these symptoms.
- Anti-inflammatory effectsCannabidiol (CBD) has anti-inflammatory properties, which makes it useful in conditions such as arthritis.
- Oncology applicationsSome studies suggest that cannabis may help alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy, such as nausea and loss of appetite.
Forms of Administration and Dosage
The medical cannabis can be consumed in a variety of ways, allowing patients to choose the method that best suits their needs and preferences. Here we present the main forms of administration and how to adjust the dosage to obtain the best therapeutic results.
Forms of Administration:
Vaporization:
- DescriptionHeating the cannabis plant or its extracts to release the cannabinoids in the form of vapor without combustion.
- BenefitsRapid relief of symptoms, as cannabinoids are rapidly absorbed through the lungs.
Oils and Dyes:
- DescriptionExtraction of cannabinoids from the plant, diluted in a carrier oil.
- BenefitsPrecise dosage. The medical cannabis oil can be administered sublingually for rapid absorption or mixed with food for slower release.
Groceries:
- DescriptionFood or beverages infused with cannabis extract.
- BenefitsDiscreet and convenient, with long-lasting effects.
Capsules:
- DescriptionCannabis extract in the form of easy-to-swallow capsules.
- BenefitsPrecise dosage without taste.
Adequate Dosage:
Proper dosing is critical to maximize benefits and minimize side effects. Here are some guidelines:
- Start with low concentrations: Start with a low dose of CBD and increase gradually.
- Consider the condition to be treatedDifferent conditions require different doses.
- Monitor individual responseAdjust the dose according to the patient's response.
- Consultation with a health professionalAlways discuss the dosage plan with a physician.
Side Effects and Potential Risks
Like any chemical substance, medical cannabis can have side effects. The most common ones include:
- Dry mouth
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
However, these effects are usually mild and manageable. It is important to consult a health professional before beginning any treatment with cannabis.
Conclusion
Medical cannabis offers numerous benefits for a variety of medical conditions. With a proper understanding of its components, mechanisms of action and forms of administration, it can be a powerful tool for improving quality of life. However, it is essential to use it responsibly and under the guidance of a health professional.
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